Hammer crusher

Hammer crusher (hammer crusher) is an efficient equipment that relies on the impact force of high-speed rotating hammer heads to crush materials. It is widely used in medium and fine crushing operations in industries such as mining, building materials, and coal.

1、 Core working principle
Impact crushing: The motor drives the rotor to rotate at high speed (with a hammer head line speed of 40-60 m/s), and after the material enters the crushing chamber, it is violently hit by the hammer head and crushed for the first time.
Secondary crushing: The material that is blown away collides with the inner wall lining plate at high speed, resulting in secondary crushing.
Grinding and discharging: Materials that do not meet the standard fall onto the bottom sieve plate (grate) and continue to be ground by the hammer head; Particles smaller than the sieve gap are discharged through the sieve plate to complete crushing.

2、 Main structural components
Rotor assembly: The core component consists of the main shaft, hammer disc, pin shaft, and hammer head (vulnerable parts).
Crushing chamber: Inside the casing, lined with wear-resistant lining plates, forming an impact zone.
Screen plate (grate): controls the particle size of the discharged material and can be replaced.
Drive system: motor, pulley/coupling.
Rack: Equipment base and casing.

3、 Main types and characteristics
Divided by the number of rotors
Single rotor: With a simple and compact structure, it is widely used and suitable for small and medium-sized production lines.
Double rotor: Two parallel rotors with strong crushing ability and high output, suitable for large-scale high-yield scenarios.
Divided by rotation direction
Irreversible: The rotor rotates in one direction, and the hammer head needs to be turned or replaced after wear, with low cost.
Reversible: The rotor can rotate in both directions, and the hammer heads at both ends can be used alternately, doubling the lifespan. It is commonly used for fine crushing.
Classified by function
Ordinary Hammer Breaker (PC): Conventional medium to fine crushing.
PCZ: It can directly crush large pieces of material, achieve one-time molding, and simplify the process.
Ring Hammer Breaker (PCH): The hammer head is ring shaped and not easily clogged, suitable for crushing coal, coke, etc.

4、 Performance characteristics
● Advantages
The crushing ratio is large (10-25), which can complete coarse to fine crushing in one go, simplifying the process flow.
Simple structure, small size, easy maintenance, and low operating costs.
Particle size is controllable, and the discharge size can be flexibly adjusted (5-30mm) by replacing the sieve plate.
High efficiency and low energy consumption, especially suitable for medium to low hardness brittle materials such as limestone, coal, gypsum, etc.
● Disadvantages
Vulnerable parts wear out quickly (hammer head, sieve plate), and the loss is greater when crushing hard materials.
Humidity sensitivity: When the moisture content of the material is greater than 15% or the viscosity is high, it is easy to block the sieve gap.
The dust is relatively large and requires supporting dust removal equipment.
Not suitable for hard rocks such as granite, basalt, etc. (compressive strength>200MPa).

5、 Typical application scenarios
Building materials industry: limestone crushing, cement clinker, sand and gravel aggregate production.
Coal industry: raw coal crushing, coal gangue crushing.
Power industry: Fuel crushing in thermal power plants.
Chemical/Metallurgical: Grinding of brittle materials such as gypsum, slag, coke, etc.